Gun mount



Nav, 8, 1938. BARNHART 2,135,59

GUN MOUNT Filed Jan. 10, 1938 3 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR. George E.Barnhcu'f.

Nova 8, i938. G. E. BARNHART ,9

GUN MOUNT Filed Jan. 10. 1.938 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Nov. 8, 393%. e. E.BARNHART 2,135,959

GUN MOUNT Filed Jan. 10. 1958 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR. GeorgeE.Barnhar'f Patented Nov. s, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 14 Claims.

mounts.

The general object of this invention is to pro- I vide an improveddevice for mounting guns such as machine guns.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved machine gunmount particularly adapted for use on airplanes.

A further object of the invention is to provide a machine gun mountwhich is adapted to move the gun to various positions and retain the gunin the adjusted position and one which is hydraulically operated.

A still further object ofthe invention is to provide a novel combinationof a rotatable machine gun mounting and gunner's seat wherein means isprovided to cause similar rotation of the gun mount and seat.

A further object of the invention is to provide a novel control member.

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel hydraulic cylinderwasher and piston.

An additional object of the invention is to provide a novel self-lockingcontrol member.

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel gun mount wherebythe gun is extended while being raised to thereby provide a clearancespace for the operator.

A further object of the invention is to provide a novel non-reversibleself-locking control member. A still further object of the invention isto provide a combination of a rotatable machine gun mounting and agunners seat and a rotatable fluid swivel member wherein means isprovided to cause similar rotation of the gun mount, the seat and theswivel member.

Other objects and the advantages of this invention will be apparent fromthe following description taken in connection with the accompanyingdrawings wherein:

Fig. 1 is a fragmentary cross section through an airplane at the gunnerscockpit showing my invention applied thereto;

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the device shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged section through the machine gun mount taken online 3--3.of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3A is a fragmentary section taken on line 3A-3A of Fig. 3;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged rear view of the machine gun mount showing itrotated to a vertical position;

Fig. 5 is a reduced development of the sleeve 1 member;

Fig. 6 is a reduced development of the interior of the housing member;

Fig. 6A is a reduced fragmentary developm'en showing the outside of themaster cylinder;

- Fig. '1 is an enlarged vertical section through 5 the fluid swivelmember;

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary section taken on line 8-8 of Fig. '7;

Fig. 9 is an enlarged fragmentary section through the main cylinder ofthe gun mount showing the piston and piston rod therein in section;

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary section of the piston shown in Fig. 8 before itis mounted; a

Fig. 11 is an enlarged longitudinal section through the control valve;

Fig. 12 is a section taken on line I 2-! 2 of Fig. 11; i

Fig. 13 is a fragmentary section similar to Fig. 12; and

Fig. 14 is a fragmentary section similar to Fig. 13 showing the plugvalve in a closed position.

Referring to the drawings by reference 'characters I have indicated myimproved machine gun mount and control device generally at Ill. As shownthe device 10 includes a base member 12 having spaced upwardly extendingend flanges i3 and i4 thereon. The flange l3 has a cylindrical aperture15 therein and the flange It has a similar coaxial aperture l6 thereinof greater diameter than that of the aperture 1 5 (see Fig. 3).

Positioned in the aperture i5 I provide a cylinder member I! which issecured to the flange i 3 by a plurality of keys I8. The cylinder liprojects beyond the flange I 3 where itis externally threaded as at l9to receive a threaded cap member which closes that end of the cylinder.The cap member 20 includes a conduit portion 2| which is externallythreaded to receive a coupling member 22 to secure thereto one end of atube 23.

The end of the cylinder l'l opposite the cap 20 is internally threadedas at 24 to receive a threaded plug member 25 which has an aperture 26therein. 45 Positioned in the aperture 26 I provide a piston rod 21 oneend of which includes a reduced externally threaded portion 28 and theopposite end a reduced portion 29 the end of which is extemally threadedas at 30 (see Fig. 9). The plug member 25 includes a suitable packinggland member 3| surrounding the piston rod 21.

The reduced end 29 of the piston is within the cylinder l1 and has apiston 32 thereon which is shown in detail in Fig. 9. As shown thepiston 32 includes an opposed pair of leather cup members 33 having ametal washer 3d therebetween. Adjacent their periphery the opposed facesof the washer 34 are convergingly tapered as indicated at 35. Adapted toengage the outer face of each of the cup members 33 I provide metallicspring washers 36 and 3t and positioned about the threaded portion Iprovide a washer 38 and a nut 39. The spring washer 36 is adapted toengage the shoulder at the juncture of the reduced portion 29 and themain piston rod 27 while the spring washer 31 is adapted to be engagedby the washer 38. Before the piston 32 is clamped on the piston rod therear walls of the cup members are straight as shown in Fig. 10.

When mounting the piston 32 on the piston rod 27 all the parts thereofare loosely assembled on the reduced portion 29 and then placed withinthe cylinder 21 before the cup member an is positioned thereon.Thereafter the nut 39 is tightened to tightly clamp the piston elementsbetween the shoulder 40 and the washer 38. When the piston elements arethus clamped together the sprin'g Washers 36 and 3? bend the peripherialportions of the cup members into engagement with the tapered faces ofthe washer 34 thereby causing the feather edges il of the cup members totightly grip the walls of the cylinder.

The piston rod 21 has an axial bore 52 therein which opens at one endthrough the threaded end 28 and at the other end terminates short of thepiston 32 where a lateral bore 43 communicates therewith and opensthrough the side of the piston rod.

Surrounding the cylinder H I provide a sleeve member 35 the end of whichadjacent the flange i5 is internally threaded as at 46 to receive athreaded cap it,

The cap W has a central aperture ill therein through which the reducedthreaded portion 28 of the piston rod 2'4 extends;

Mounted on the sleeve I provide a housing member 48 which at oneside'includes a cylinder portion 49. One end of the cylinder 4!! is openand internally threaded as at 50 to receive a closure plug 5i.

Positioned in the cylinder '49 I provide a piston rod 52 which extendsout of the cylinder through a suitable packing gland 53 and is providedwith a reduced threaded portion 54. Within the cylinder 49 the pistonrod 52 has a piston 55 mounted thereon. The piston 55 is preferablyconstructed the same as the previously described piston 32.

Mounted on the reduced portion 28 of the piston rod 21 I provide aconnector member 56 which extends towards the piston rod 52 and has anaperture 51 therein in which the reduced portion 54 of the piston rod 52is positioned. A nut 58 on the threaded portion 54 secures the connectormember 56 to the piston rod 52. A nut 59 on the threaded portion 28 ofthe piston rod 21 securely clamps the piston rod 21 to the cap member4'! and the connector member 56 to the cap member 41.

Beyond the nut 59 a suitable coupling member 60 connects a flexibleconduit 6| to the portion 28 of the piston rod 21.

The housing 48 has a plurality of-longitudinally extending, spiral.keyways 62 therein (see Fig. 6). The sleeve 45 has a plurality oflongitudinally extending spirally arranged sets of keys 63 therein whichare positioned in the keyways 62 of the housing 48 (see Fig. preventingthe sleeve 45 from rotating I may-provide a plurality of sets of keys 63which are positioned in keyways 63" in the outer face of the mastercylinder H (see Figs. 4, 5 and 6A) From the foregoing it will beapparent that when the piston 82 moves towards the flange 84 it willmove the sleeve 45 with it and the keys 63 will move in a straight linethereby causing the housing 38 to rotate upward in a clockwisedirection. When the piston 32 and the sleeve 45 move towards the flange.83 the keys 53 cause the housing 48 to rotate downward in ananticlockwise direction. Furthermore when the piston rod 21 is moved thepiston 55 is similarly moved through the medium of the connector member56. The flange It includes an arcuate slot 54 to provide clearance forthe piston rod 52 when the housing 48 is rotated.

Opposite the cylinder 39 the housing 48 has a pair of spaced hollowbosses 55 thereon which are externally threaded as at 55. The housing 48includes a longitudinally extending conduit 61 which opens into each ofthe hollow bosses 65 and a transversely extending conduit member 68 oneend of which communicates with the conduit 51 and the opposite end opensinto the cylinder 49 adjacent the end nearest the flange H (see Fig. 4)

A frame member which is indicated generally at it! is mounted on thebosses 65. As shown the frame member lil includes a pair of spacedcylinders 7H connected adjacent their outer ends by a conduit portion l2and rib portions 73 and 14.

The conduit 12 opens into the interior of both the cylinders H.cylinders opposite the conduit '52 each of the cylinders iii includes anenlarged flange 75 which engages the end of the associated boss 65. Theportion of the cylinder between the flange l5 and the adjacent end ispositioned in its associated boss 55. A coupling nut 16 engages theflange l5 and the threads 66 of the boss 65 and when tightened securelyclamps the associated cylinder H and boss 65 together. 6'

One end of a removable conduit member 51 is connected as at E8 to theconduit F2. The opposite end of the conduit W is connected as at E9 tothe cylinder 49 and communicates with the interior thereof adjacent theend nearest the flange i3.

Positioned in each of the cylinders II I provide a piston rod 30 each ofwhichextends out of its associated cylinder through a suitable packinggland 8!. Within the cylinders each of the piston rods has a piston 82thereon which is similar in constructionto the previously describedpiston 32. The outer ends of the piston rod 80 each include a reducedthreaded portion 83 and mounted on the outer ends of the piston rods Iprovide a cross head 84 which is secured to the piston rods by nuts 85on the threaded portions 83.

Intermediate the piston rods 80 the cross head 84 includes an upwardlyextending socket portion 86 in which as shown in Fig. 1 the trunnion 81of a machine gun assembly ispositioned and secured thereto in the usualmanner.

From the foregoing it will be apparent that when the cylinders I1, 49and II are filled with oil or other suitable fluid on both sides of thepistons therein and the piston 55 is moved towards the flange l4 thepiston 55 will force 011 through the conduits 68 and 61 into thecylinders ll thereby forcing the pistons 82 and the piston rods 80outward.

Thus as the housing 48 rotates upward in a clockwise direction aspreviously described the Spaced from the ends of the I ward. Thus as thehousing 40 rotates downward in an anti-clockwise direction as previouslydescribed the cross head 36 and the gun thereon are moved downward andinward.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 2 the base I2 of the device I0 is adapted to bemounted one. ring member 00 which surrounds a gunners cockpit iii in thefuselage 92 of an airplane. As shown the ring 30 is preferably supportedon anti-friction bearings 93 which in turn are supported on a base ring94 which is mounted on a portion 95 of the fuselage structure. A gunnersseat 96 is hung within the cockpit by metal straps 91 secured to thering 90.

Below the gunners seat 96 I provide a swivel connector member which isindicated generally at 5100 and shown in detail in Fig. 7. As shown theconnector member I00 includes a cylindrical base member IOI having abottom wall I02 which is secured to the floor structure I03 of thecockpit by nuts and bolts I054. The base IOI has a chamber I05 thereinand a reduced bore I06 the lower end of which opens into the chamber I05and the upper end into an enlarged recess I01.

' Adjacent the upper end the base IOI includes an externally threadedportion I00.

Positioned in the bore I06 I provide a sleeve member I09 having anenlarged flange I I0 thereon. At the upper end the sleeve I09 includesan externally threaded portion H2. The sleeve I09 further includes adownwardly opening recess H3 and a reduced bore H4 the lower end ofwhich opens into the recess I I3 and the upper;

end opens into an enlarged recess II5. Intermediate the flange H0 andthethreads II2 the sleeve I09 includes a lateral externally threadedconduit portion H6.

The sleeve member I09 is positioned in the base I III with the sleeveflange I I0 in the recess I01 and the portion therebelow positioned inthe bore I06. Below the sleeve flange IIO I provide an anti-frictionbearing member II1 positioned on a packing ring I I3 which in turn restson a suitable packing material I I9 surrounding the sleeve. Above thesleeve flange 0 I provide an antifriction bearing I20. Surrounding thesleeve I09 above the bearing I20 I provide an internally threaded capmember I2I which engages the threads I08 of the base IIII. The cap I2Iengages the bearing I20 and is adapted to be tightened on the base IOIuntil the packing H9 is compressed sufiiciently to provide a fluid tightseal around the sleeve I09. The cap I2I is adapted to be locked in anadjusted position by a lock nut I22on the threaded portion I00.

Coaxial with the bore I06 the base includes a column I23 having a lowerchamber I24 therein. Adjacent the upper end the column I23 has a reducedbore I25 therein the lower end of which opens into the chamber I24 andthe upper end opens into an enlarged recess I26. Positioned in the boreI25 I provide a hollow conduit member I21 which includes an externallythreaded upper portion I28 and slightly below the threads I28 theconduit I21 is grooved as at I 29 to form opposed flat faces I30 (seeFig. 8).

Intermediate the groove I29 and its lower end the conduit member I21includes an enlarged flange portion I3I which is positioned within therecess I26 of the column I23. 'Below the flange I3I I provide ananti-friction bearing member I32 positioned on a packing ring I33-whichin turn rests on a suitable packing material I34 surrounding the conduitmember I21. Above the flange I3I I provide an anti-friction bearingmember I35. Surrounding the conduit I21 above the bearing I35 I providean internally threaded cap member I36 which engages a threaded portionI31 of the column I23. The cap I36 engages the bearing I35 and isadapted to be tightened on the column I23 until the packing I34 iscompressed sufficiently to provide a fluid tigl't seal around theconduit member I 21. The cap I36 is adapted to be locked in an adjustedposition by a lock nut I30 on the threaded portion I31.

The base IOI includes a downwardly extending externally threaded intakeconduit I39 which communicates with the chamber I24 of the column I23and a downwardly extending externally threaded return conduit I40 whichcommunicates with the chamber I05.

Intermediate the cap I2I and the conduit H6 a ring member MI is clampedto the sleeve I09 by means of nuts and bolts I42. As shown a portion ofthe ring member I4I includes an upwardly extending leg portion I43 theupper end of which is adapted to be secured to the seat 96 in anydesired manner as shown in Fig. 1. Adjacent the cap I36 the leg I43includes a lateral arm I44 the outer portion of which is recessed as atI45 to form prongs I46 (see Fig. 8).

The prongs I46 are positioned in the groove I29 of the conduit memberI21 and the inner faces thereof engage. the fiat faces I30 of thegroove. Thus it will be seen that when the gun mount supporting ring 90and the seat 96 rotate the sleeve member I09 and the conduit memher I21will be rotated therewith through the medium of the leg I43.

One end of a pressure supply conduit I41 is connected to the conduit I39by a suitable coupling member I48 and the opposite end communicates withthe standard high pressure fluid supply line of the airplane.

One end of a. return conduit I49 is connected to the conduit I by asuitable coupling member I50 and the opposite end communicates with thestandard fluid return line of the airplane.

Mounted on one of the seat straps 91 I provide a control valve which isindicated generally at I5I and shown in detail in Figs. 11 and 12. Thecontrol valve I5I includes a body portion I52 having legs I53 thereonwhich are secured to one of the seat straps 91 by nuts and bolts I54.The body has a tapered recess I55 therein in which a tapered pug valveI56 is positioned and the plug valve I 56 includes a stem I51 whichprojects out of the body I52 through an aperture .I58 and has anoperating handle I59 thereon. The housing I52 includes a dependingexternally threaded inlet conduit I60 and thereabove an upwardlyextending externally threaded outlet conduit I6I. At right angles to theconduits I60 and I6I the body at one side includes an externallythread-d conduit I63 and opposite the conduit I63 an externally threadedconduit I64.

The plus valve I55 has a conduit I56 and a conduit I56" threaded. Theopposite ends of the conduits I56 and I56" are arranged at right anglesto each other so that in one position of the plug valve the conduit I50communicates with the inlet conduit I60 and the conduit I64 and theconduit I56" communicates with the return conduit I6I and the conduitI63 (see Fig.

I inlet conduit Mill and the conduit its and the plug valve conduit I56" communicates with the outlet conduit I6I and the conduit ltd (seeFig.

13). When the plug valve IE6 is in a closed position as shown in Fig. 14the plug valve conduits I56 and I56" do not communicate with any of thehousing conduits I60, IBI, IE3 or 866.

The conduit 23 from the device It is connected to the valve conduit I63by a suitable coupling member I65. The flexible tubing M of the deviceI0 is connected by a suitable coupling member I66 (Fig. 2) to one end ofa conduit It? the opposite end of which is connected by a suitablecoupling member I68 to the conduit ltd of the control valve l5I. One endof a conduit I 69 is connected by a suitable coupling member are to theinlet conduit I60 of the control valve II M and the opposite end or theconduit I69 is connected by a suitable coupling member I'll to theoutlet conduit member I21 of the device I00. of a conduit I12 isconnected by a coupling mem-' ber I13 to the conduit H6 of the device IIll! and the opposite end of the conduit I72 is connected by a couplingI'M to the outlet conduit Hill of the control valve I5I.

In operation fluid under pressure from the main pressure line of theairplane flows through the conduit Ml into the chamber I241 of thedevice I00 and flows therefrom through the conduit member I21 and theconduit N39 to the inlet conduit I80 of the control valve ISI.

When the operator desires to'elevate the machine gun assembly 88 herotates the plug valve I 56 so that the plug valve conduit I56 affordscommunication between the inlet conduit I60 and the conduit I63 as shownin Fig. 13 whereupon fluid under pressure flows through the conduit 23into the cylinder I'I thereby forcing the piston 32 and the piston rod21 outward whereupon the gun assembly is swung upward and outward aspreviously described. When the gun assembly 88 reaches the desiredposition the operator rotates the plug valve I56 to a closed position asshown in Fig. 14.

When the operator desires to lower the machine gun assembly 88 herotates the plug valve I56 to the position shown in Fig. 13 wherein theplug valve conduit I56 affords communication between the inlet conduitI60 and the conduit I64 whereupon fluid under pressure flows through theconduit I61 and the flexible conduit 6! into the cylinder I'I therebyforcing the piston 32 and the piston rod 21 to a retracted positionwhereupon the gun assembly is swung downward and inward as previouslydescribed.

When fluid is forced into the cylinder through the conduit 23 the fluidin the cylinder on the opposite side of the piston 32 flows therefromthrough the flexible conduit 6| and the conduit I61 into the valve I5Iand through the .plug valve conduit I56" into the conduit I72, throughthe conduit I12 into the chamber I05 of the device I00 and thencethrough the conduit I49 to the main oil return line of the air-' plane.Likewise when fluid is forced into the cylinder I! through the conduits6| and I61 the fluid in the cylinder on the opposite side of the piston23 flows therefrom through the conduit 3 into the valve I5I and throughthe plug valve conduit I56" into the conduit I12 and thence One end thering til by pushing one away or the other with his feet thereby leavingboth hands free, one hand to operate the control valve tel and the otherto tilt and fire the gun. Furthermore a suitable foot operated controlfor the valve ItlI is indicated at I76 in Fig. l and when this controlis employed the gunner has both hands free to operate the guns. Thecontrol [I16 includes a pair of links I'I6a connected to the valve I58at one end and at the other end connected to opposite ends of a treadleI'Itb by links lite. The treadle is pivoted at H66! and the constructionis such that treadle rotates with the seat 96 and when the treadle isrocked about its pivot it rocks the valve IEI.

With the device I0 the machine gun assembly can be swung from. ahorizontal position as shown in Fig. 1 to a straight vertical positionas shown by the broken line position indicated at A or to anyintermediate position as indicated at B. To shoot downward the machinegun assembly 88 is tilted downward about its standard transverse pivotas shown by the dotted line position indicated at (1.

Although I have shown and described my control member as embodied in amount for machine guns it will be understood that principle thereof maybe applied in various other forms. With my control in any embodimentthereof should the hydraulic pressure fail the member being operated isheld in a non-reversible selflocking position.

From the foregoing description it will be apparent that I have inventeda novel control memher and gun mount which is simple in construction andoperation and which is highly emcient for the intended purpose.

Having thus described my invention I claim:

1. In a control device, a base member, a 03 1- inder mounted on saidbase, a piston in said cylinder, means to reciprocate said piston, asleeve member slidably mounted on said cylinder, means to preventrotation of said sleeve relative to said piston, means connecting saidsleeve and said piston whereby when said piston is moved said sleeve issimilarly moved, and a housing member surrounding said sleeve,saidsleeve and said housing including coacting spirally arranged keywaysand keys whereby longitudinal movement of said sleeve causes saidhousing to rotate about the axis of said sleeve.

2. In a control device, a base member, a cylinder mounted on said base,said cylinder being closed at each end, a piston in said cylinder, 8.

piston rod on said piston and projecting from said cylinder, means toconvey fluid under pressure to each side of said piston, a sleevemember, means to mount said sleeve on said cylinder for rectilinearmovement, means whereby said piston rod and sleeve move together, and ahousing member on said sleeve, means on said sleeve and said housingoperable upon longitudinal movement of said sleeve to cause said housingto rotate about the axis of said sleeve.

3. In a machine gun mount, a base member, a cylinder mounted on saidbase, said cylinder being closed at each end, a piston in said cylindera piston rod on said piston and projecting from said cylinder, means toconvey fluid under pressure to each side of said piston, a sleevemember, means to mount said sleeve in said cylinder for rectilinearmovement, means whereby said piston-rod and sleeve move together-,ahousing member on said sleeve, said sleeve and said housing includingcoacting spirally arranged keygreases ways and keys whereby longitudinalmovement of said sleeve causes said housing to rotate about the axis ofsaid sleeve, and a gun support on the housing.

4. In a machine gun mount, a base member, a cylinder mounted on saidbase, said cylinder being closed at each end, a piston in said cylinder,a piston rod on said piston and projecting from said cylinder, saidpiston rod having a conduit therein opening through the free end thereofand opening into said cylinder adjacent said piston, means to conveyfluid under pressure to said piston rod conduit and means to conveyfluid under pressure into said cylinder on the opposite side of saidpiston, a sleeve member, means to mount said sleeve in said cylinder forrectilinear movement, means whereby said piston rod and sleeve movetogether, a housing member on said sleeve, said sleeve and said housingincluding coacting spirally arranged keyways and keys wherebylongitudinal movement of said sleeve causes said housing to rotate aboutthe axis of said sleeve, and a gun support on the housing.

5. in a machine gun mount, a base member, a cylinder mounted on saidbase, said cylinder being closed at each end, a piston in said cylinder,2. piston rod on said piston and projecting from said cylinder, saidpiston rod having a conduit therein opening through the free end thereofand opening into said cylinder in front of said piston, means to conveyfluid under pressure to said piston rod conduit and means to conveyfluid under pressure into said cylinder at the rear of said piston, asleeve member slidably mounted on said cylinder, means to preventrotation of said sleeve relative to said cylinder, means connecting saidsleeve and said piston rod whereby when said piston rod is moved saidsleeve is similarly moved, a housing member surrounding said sleeve,said sleeve and said housing including coacting spirally arrangedkeyways and keys whereby longitudinal movement of said sleeve causessaid housing to rotate about the axis of said sleeve, and a gun supporton the housing.

6. In a machine gun mount, a base member, a cylinder rigidly mounted onsaid base, said cylinder being closed at each end, a piston in saidcylinder, said piston including a piston rod, said piston rod extendingfrom the front end of said cylinder through a suitable packing gland,said piston rod having a conduit therein opening through the front endthereof and opening into said cylinder in the-front of said piston,means to convey fluid under pressure to said piston rod conduit, meansto convey fluid under pressure into the seat portionof said cylinder, asleeve member mounted to slide in keys on said cylinder, meansconnecting said sleeve and said piston rod whereby when said piston rodis moved said sleeve is similarly moved, a housing member surroundingsaid sleeve, said sleeye and said housing including coacting spirallyarranged keyways and keys whereby longitudinal movement of said sleevecauses said housing to rotate about the axis of said sleeve.

7. In a machine gun mount, a base member, a cylinder fixed on said base,said cylinder being closed at each end, a piston in said cylinder, saidpiston including a piston rod projecting beyond said cylinder, means toconvey fluid under pressure to the opposite sides of said piston, asleeve member slidably'and non-rotatably mounted on said cylinder, meanswhereby said piston rod and sleeve move together, a housing membersurrounding said sleeve, said sleeve and said housing ,includingcoacting means whereby longitudinal movement of said sleeve causes saidhousing to rotate about the axis of said sleeve, said housing includinga cylinder portion closed at both ends and having a piston thereinincluding a piston rod projecting therefrom, means whereby when saidfirst piston rod moves said second piston rod will be similarly moved, apair of spaced cylinder members on said housing disposed at right anglesto said first cylinder and closed at both ends, each of said pair ofcylinders having a piston with a piston rod projecting therefrom, across head member connecting said pair of piston rods, means on saidcross head adapted to support a machine gun assembly, a conduit meansopening into said pair of cylinders adjacent the inner ends thereof andcommunicating with one end of said housing cylinder, 8. second conduitmeans opening into said pair of cylinders adjacent the outer endsthereof and communicating with the other end of the housing cylinder.

8. In a machine gun mount, a base member, a cylinder fixed on said base,said cylinder being closed at each end, a piston in said cylinder, saidpiston including a piston rod projecting beyond said cylinder, means toconvey fluid under pressure to the opposite sides of said piston, asleeve member slidably and non-rotatably mounted on said cylinder, meanswhereby said piston rod and sleeve move together, a housing membersurrounding said sleeve, said sleeve and said housing including coactingmeans whereby longitudinal movement of said sleeve causes said housingto rotate about the axis of said sleeve, said housing including acylinder portion closed at both ends and having a piston thereinincluding a piston projecting therefrom, means whereby when said firstpiston rod moves said second piston rod will be similarly moved, a pairof spaced cylinder members on said housing disposed at right angles tosaid first cylinder and closed at both ends, each of said pair ofcylinders having a piston with a piston rod projecting therefrom, across head member connecting said pair of piston rods, means on saidcross head adapted to support a machine gun assembly, a, conduit meansopening into said pair of cylinders adjacent the inner ends thereof anda conduit means opening into said pair of cylinders adjacent the outerends thereof, a conduit means communicating with said first conduit andopening into said housing cylinder adjacent the outer end thereofwhereby when said second piston moves outward it forces fluid into saidpair of cylinders to force said associated pistons and piston rodsoutward, a conduit means communicating with said second conduit andopening into said housing cylinder adjacent the inner end thereofwhereby when said second piston moves inward it forces fluid into saidpair of cylinders to force said associated pistons and piston rodsinward.

9. In a machine gun mount, a base member, a cylinder on said base, apiston in said cylinder, a piston rod on said piston, means to supplyfluid to the front of the cylinder, means to supply fluid to the rear ofsaid cylinder, a sleeve, means to mount said sleeve on said cylinder forrectilinear movement so that the two move together, a housing membersurrounding said sleeve, said sleeve and said housing including coactingmeans whereby longitudinal movement of said sleeve causes said housingto rotate about the axis of said sleeve, said housing including acylinder portion closed at both ends and having a piston both ends, apiston having a projecting piston rod and disposed in each of said pairof cylinders, means connecting said pair of piston rods, means on saidcross head adapted to receive a mounting portion of a machine gunassembly, conduit means opening into said pair of cylinders adjacent theinner ends thereof and a conduit means opening into said pair ofcylinders adjacent the outer ends thereof, a conduit means communicatingwith said pair of cylinder's first conduit and opening into said housingcylinder adjacent the outer end thereof whereby when said second pistonmoves outward it forces fluid into said pair of cylinders to force saidassociated pistons and piston rods outward, a conduit meanscommunicating with said pair of cylinders second conduit and openinginto said housing cylinder adjacent the inner end thereof whereby whensaid second piston moves inward it forces fluid into said pair ofcylinders to force said associated pistons and piston rods inward.

10. In a control device, a base, a cylinder mounted on said base, saidcylinder being closed at each end, a piston in said cylinder, fixedconduit means rigid on said cylinder to convey fluid under pressure toeach side of said piston, a sleeve member, means to mount said sleeve onsaid cylinder for rectilinear movement, means whereby said piston andsleeve move together, a housing member on said sleeve, and means on saidsleeve and said housing operable upon longitudinal movement of saidsleeve to cause said housing to rotate about the axis of said sleeve.

11. In a machine gun mount, a base, a cylinder mounted on said base, apiston in said cylinder, means to reciprocate said piston, a memberslidably mounted on said cylinder, means to prevent rotation of saidmember relative to said piston, means connecting said member and saidpiston whereby when said piston is moved said member is similarly moved,a housing mounted for rotary movement about the axis of said cylinder,means to prevent axial movement of the housing, said member and saidhousing including coacting means whereby longitudinal movement of saidmember causes said housing to rotate, and a support on the housing;

12. In a machine gun mount, a support, a cylinder on said support, apiston in said cylinder,

means to move said piston, a sleeve slidably and non-rotatably mountedonssaid cylinder, means .whereby said piston rod and sleeve-movetogether,

a housing member surrounding said sleeve, said sleeve and said housingincluding coacting means aisaoee whereby longitudinal movement of saidsleeve causes said housing to rotate about the axis of said sleeve, saidhousing including a cylinder portion having a piston therein, meanswhereby when said first piston rod moves said second piston rod will besimilarly moved, a third cylinder on said housing disposed at rightangles to said first cylinder, said third cylinder having a pistonthereon, a machine gun support, means on said third piston to move saidmachine gun support, conduit means opening into said third cylinderadjacent the inner end thereof and communicating with one end of saidhousing cylinder, and a second conduit means opening into said thirdcylinder adjacent the outer end thereof and communicating with the otherend of the housing cylinder.

13. In a machine gun mount, a support, a cylinder on said support, apiston in said cylinder, means to move said piston, a sleeve slidablyand non-rotatably mounted on said cylinder, means whereby said pistonrod and sleeve move together, a housing member surrounding said sleeve,said sleeve and said housing including coacting means wherebylongitudinal movement of said sleeve causes said housing to rotate aboutthe axis of i said sleeve, a pair of spaced cylinder members on saidhousing disposed at an angle to said cylinder, each of said pair ofcylinders having a piston thereon with a piston rod projectingtherefrom, a cross head member connecting said pair of piston rods,means on said cross head adapted to support a machine gun assembly, andmeans to operate the pistonsin said pair of cylinders.

14. In a machine gun mount, a support, a cylinder on said support, apiston in said cylinder, means to move said piston, a sleeve slidablyand non-rotatably mounted on said cylinder, means whereby said pistonrod and sleeve move together, a housing member surrounding said sleeve,said sleeve and said housing including coacting means wherebylongitudinal movement of said sleeve causes said housing to rotate aboutthe axis of said sleeve, said housing including a cylinder portionhaving a piston therein, means whereby when said first piston rod movessaid second piston rod will be similarly moved, a pair of spacedcylinder members on said housing disposed at right angles to said firstcylinder, each of said pair of cylinders having a piston with a pistonrod projecting therefrom, a cross head member connecting said pair ofpiston rods, means on said cross head adapted to support a machine gunassembly, a

conduit means opening into said pair of cylinders adjacent the innerends thereof and communicating with one end of said housing cylinder,and a second conduit means opening into said pair of cylinders adjacentthe outer ends thereof and communicating with the other end of thehousing cylinder.

GEORGE E. BARNHART.

